Mostly people disagree to the fact that apples can be grown in tropical regions. Yet, the truth remains the same – apples can be grown in tropics. How to grow apples in tropics? Well, we are coming to that soon.
Apples are frequently connected with temperate areas because they need a specific number of chilling hours (cold spells) in the winter to grow and develop their fruit to their full potential. Apples may, however, be grown in tropical areas under specific circumstances – thanks to agricultural breakthroughs and the creation of apple types that are more tolerant of hotter climes.
Are apples not temperate fruits?
Apples are actually classified as temperate fruits. Temperate fruits are those grown in temperate settings with distinct seasons, including a period of cold weather. Apples are widely grown in temperate countries such as North America, Europe, and parts of Asia. Thus, apples are classed as temperate fruits.
However, growers have been able to generate apple types that can now yield in warmer climes through breeding and selection. With scientific interventions, apples can now grow in tropical climates such as Kerala in India. All you need is the correct cultivar and the right knowledge.
Things to consider while cultivating apples in tropics
Though apples grow in tropical climatic conditions, it would be a challenge to setup a commercial apple farm in warmer regions. With careful planning and administration, apples can be grown in tropical regions too. A few things that you may need to consider while growing apples in tropics are here:
1. Selection of variety is the key
The apple variety you choose to plant is the most critical aspect in the success of your tree. Many cultivars have been bred to thrive in the tropics, with some obtaining peak flavor that can only be obtained by growing in a tropical climate.
While there are several varieties of apples that can be cultivated in temperate regions, a few varieties can thrive well in tropical conditions. Dorsett golden and Anna are among the best varieties to grow in the tropics.
2. Site is also significant
Find microclimates that are colder than the surrounding area for apple trees. Shaded regions with a lot of wind are ideal candidates for this. You can produce apples in even the warmest climates if you choose the correct site.
Tropical pests can be another challenge for apple growers. Higher elevation sites can produce better results in terms of yield and pest resistance than lower elevation sites.
3. Prepare your soil
Preparing your soil before planting will greatly increase the performance of your apple tree and stimulate healthy, fresh growth. It is a good idea to get your soil tested before planting, and even thereafter, to see if it is deficient in any vital minerals and nutrients. You can test your soil, with one of the digital soil meters available in the market, for pH and moisture levels, or collect a soil sample and get it tested from the soil testing labs.
Apples prefer well-drained soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Incorporate organic matter such as compost to improve soil structure and nutrient content.
Also read: Why should you start growing microgreens at home?
4. Do not forget to irrigate
A typical young apple tree need a lot of water to establish robust roots, leaves, and, eventually, apples. Young apple trees require more water than older apple trees, which may survive primarily on rainwater in areas with high rainfall. Irrigating apple trees (especially young ones) is advantageous in areas where rainfall is infrequent. However, you need to know about your variety of plant, soil, and climatic conditions before planning the irrigation.
5. Do prune and train your plants
Proper pruning and training are crucial for apple trees to maintain their shape, encourage airflow, and optimize fruit production. You need to follow recommended pruning techniques suitable for tropical apple varieties to maintain tree health and productivity.
6. Manage pests and diseases
To grow apples in tropics, it is important to keep an eye out for pests and diseases. Tropical regions can be home to a variety of pests and illnesses that can harm apple plants. Regularly inspect the trees and apply suitable organic or chemical treatments to manage pests and diseases.
7. Do a bit of manipulation
Chill manipulation techniques may be used in some tropical places if winter temperatures are not cold enough for traditional apple growth. These methods include artificially creating a period of cold dormancy, using techniques such as chemical treatments or refrigeration, to meet the chill hour needs of apple trees.
Remember that growing apples in a tropical climate may have limitations, and the quality and yield of the fruit may not match those from traditional apple-growing regions. It is important to consult with local horticultural experts or agricultural extension services for specific recommendations tailored to your tropical location.
We did our vlog at a farm in Kattappana in Kerala. If you are interested to gain more details about apple farming in tropics or if you are interested to buy apple seedlings, you can contact them.
Miracle Farm, Kattappana, Kerala, India
WhatsApp: 9048505848
